What is Machine Guarding?
machine guarding is known as physical barricades, devices and precautions employed in safeguarding workers from moving machinery perilousness within industries. The chief reason for machine guarding is to ensure that workers are not exposed to dangerous parts of the equipment such as rotating blades, gears, belts, and other mechanisms which might injure them.
What are the principles of machine guarding?
The principles of machine guarding hinge on the safety of workers through the prevention of contact with dangerous machine parts. The following are some of these principles:
- Risk Assessment: Before implementing machine guarding, it’s crucial to conduct a thorough risk assessment to identify all potential hazards associated with the machinery and the tasks performed. This assessment helps in determining the appropriate type of guarding needed to mitigate the risks effectively.
- Guard Selection: Choose the most appropriate type of guard based on the identified hazards, the type of machinery, and the tasks performed. This may include fixed guards, interlocked guards, adjustable guards, presence-sensing devices, or two-hand controls.
- Compliance with Regulations: Ensure that machine guarding systems comply with relevant occupational health and safety regulations and standards, such as those set by OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) in the United States or similar regulatory bodies in other countries.
- Proper Installation: Guards should be installed securely and properly to ensure they effectively block access to hazardous areas. They should not be easily bypassed or removed without proper authorization.
- Regular Inspection and Maintenance: Conduct regular inspections of machine guarding systems to ensure they are in good working condition. Any damage, wear, or malfunction should be promptly repaired to maintain the effectiveness of the guards.
Why is machine guarding important?
- Worker Safety: The primary purpose of machine guarding is to protect workers from hazardous machinery. By preventing contact with moving parts, sharp edges, and other dangerous components, machine guarding helps reduce the risk of serious injuries, including cuts, lacerations, crushing, amputations, and even fatalities.
- Legal Compliance: Many countries have occupational health and safety regulations that require employers to implement adequate machine guarding to protect workers. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in fines, penalties, and legal liabilities for employers.
- Workplace Productivity: While it may seem counterintuitive, properly implemented machine guarding can enhance workplace productivity. When workers feel safe and confident in their working environment, they are more likely to focus on their tasks without fear of injury, leading to increased efficiency and productivity.
How many main types of machine guards are there?
- Fixed Guards: These are permanent physical barriers that are securely attached to the machine or its frame. Fixed guards completely enclose hazardous machine parts, preventing access to the danger zone during operation.
- Interlocked Guards: Interlocked guards are designed to stop the machine automatically when the guard is opened or removed. This ensures that workers cannot access the hazardous areas while the machine is in operation. Interlocked guards are often used in conjunction with safety devices such as sensors or switches.
- Adjustable Guards: Adjustable guards can be moved or adjusted to accommodate different sizes of materials or tools while still providing adequate protection. These guards allow for flexibility in machine operation while maintaining safety.
- Presence-Sensing Devices: Presence-sensing devices use sensors to detect the presence of a worker in a hazardous area and stop the machine before an injury can occur. These devices are often used in situations where physical guards may hinder the operation or visibility of the machinery.
- Two-Hand Controls: Two-hand controls require the simultaneous use of both hands to operate a machine. This ensures that the operator’s hands are not near the hazardous parts of the machine during operation, providing an additional layer of safety.
- Barrier Guards: Barrier guards are physical barriers that prevent access to hazardous areas while still allowing visibility of the machine operation. These guards are often used in situations where fixed guards may obstruct the view or access to the machine.
How often should machine guards be inspected?
- Routine Inspections: Machine guards should be visually inspected as part of routine maintenance procedures. This may involve daily, weekly, or monthly checks by operators or maintenance personnel to ensure guards are in place, securely fastened, and free from damage or obstruction.
- Pre-Operation Checks: Before starting any machinery, operators should conduct a pre-operation inspection to ensure that all guards are in place and functioning properly. This helps identify any issues that may have arisen since the last inspection and ensures that the machine is safe to use.
- Periodic Inspections: In addition to routine checks, machine guards should undergo more comprehensive periodic inspections at regular intervals. The frequency of these inspections may be determined by risk assessments, manufacturer recommendations, or regulatory requirements. For example, some standards may specify annual inspections for certain types of machinery.
- Post-Repair Inspections: Whenever a machine undergoes repairs, modifications, or maintenance that may affect the integrity of its guarding system, post-repair inspections should be conducted to ensure that guards have been properly reinstalled and are functioning as intended.
Ensure Workplace Safety with ISO Standards for Machine Guarding
- ISO 14120:2015 – Safety of machinery – Guards – General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards
- ISO 13850:2015 – Safety of machinery – Emergency stop devices – Principles for design
- ISO 13851:2015 – Safety of machinery – Interlocking devices – Functional aspects and design principles for guards.
- ISO 13852:2012 – Safety of machinery – Interlocking devices – Principles for the design and selection of interlocking devices for guards.
- ISO 13857:2013 – Safety of machinery – Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds of parts of the human body.